WORKS OF ART THAT ALMOST NEVER ABSENT IN TRADITIONAL CEREMONY BATAK
Faithfulness is an attitude to life that many people traditional Batak Batak culture to determine the pattern . Faithful and obedient to the customs , traditional bertatakrama loyal , obedient and respectful to the fathers led sustainable traditional Batak culture .
Mask or a mask is a picture or a sculpture in the form of a person or an animal face . Masks are generally made of wood , although some are made from other materials so that it can be used on the face or head person for the purposes of ritual or dance . Face is depicted dispositions , figures or symbols specific to give effect as intended by its creator . Masks with magical effects have long been grown in the community . Mask image inscribed on earthenware jug or another , in bronze , bronze drums , etc. , has been around since prehistoric times .
Mask as decorative apparently is one of the aspects of the art world's oldest and has the function of the public trust that bring the spirits of ancestors and magical value , in addition to have a symbolic value . That is why the mask is almost never absent in traditional ceremonies , particularly in Batak society .
In areas Karo Batak mask called " Gundala - Gundala , " in Simelungun " - huda huda , " in Pakpak Dairi " mangkuda - horse . " Masks displayed on a rainy call such ceremony , as well as entertainment kings ( both living and the departed spirits ) . Kings are royal patron or the entire community .
Mask appearance in Batak Karo , Simelungun , Tapanuli , Pakpak Dairi , tend to shape the theater , as well as dance masks contained in Java , Bali and Madura background philosophy of life depicted aesthetically with music and song . The difference, Batak mask shops are more limited than the mask of Java , Bali and Madura .
Decorative masks were developed in various regions in Indonesia since prehistoric times especially with the growing influx of foreign influence , especially China . In Batak communities thrive mask art since the early 20th century , especially in the area Gundala - Gundala Simelungun .
Basis or background of the development of art in society Batak mask is the same , ie, as a means to invoke and worship the spirits of ancestors . In its development, variations arise differences in various regions .
Mask or a mask is a picture or a sculpture in the form of a person or an animal face . Masks are generally made of wood , although some are made from other materials so that it can be used on the face or head person for the purposes of ritual or dance . Face is depicted dispositions , figures or symbols specific to give effect as intended by its creator . Masks with magical effects have long been grown in the community . Mask image inscribed on earthenware jug or another , in bronze , bronze drums , etc. , has been around since prehistoric times .
Mask as decorative apparently is one of the aspects of the art world's oldest and has the function of the public trust that bring the spirits of ancestors and magical value , in addition to have a symbolic value . That is why the mask is almost never absent in traditional ceremonies , particularly in Batak society .
In areas Karo Batak mask called " Gundala - Gundala , " in Simelungun " - huda huda , " in Pakpak Dairi " mangkuda - horse . " Masks displayed on a rainy call such ceremony , as well as entertainment kings ( both living and the departed spirits ) . Kings are royal patron or the entire community .
Mask appearance in Batak Karo , Simelungun , Tapanuli , Pakpak Dairi , tend to shape the theater , as well as dance masks contained in Java , Bali and Madura background philosophy of life depicted aesthetically with music and song . The difference, Batak mask shops are more limited than the mask of Java , Bali and Madura .
Decorative masks were developed in various regions in Indonesia since prehistoric times especially with the growing influx of foreign influence , especially China . In Batak communities thrive mask art since the early 20th century , especially in the area Gundala - Gundala Simelungun .
Basis or background of the development of art in society Batak mask is the same , ie, as a means to invoke and worship the spirits of ancestors . In its development, variations arise differences in various regions .
Mask Simalungun
The story is still very impressive in the local community, the development of art in the area Simelungun mask originated from the royal family Simelungun sad story. Son died of a single king, the king of sad. Moreover, the empress ("Puang balloon") to languish. The whole kingdom was filled overcast distress. In this kind of trouble arose among the people attempt to entertain the royal family, but the time never succeeded. Then there was a brilliant idea that is organizing the show with a funny story in the form of mask dance. Mask made from bamboo or some similar midrib, made in the form and expression are funny and danced in a motion system that funny anyway. King and Puang balloons can be entertained. Then the mask dance is growing very popular and populist as well as dance-huda huda. Mask itself more and more perfect, but the material is not midrib longer durable wood with carvings and attractive colors and a cute style. Simelungun mask is believed to be the early stages of Batak mask in general.
Basically Simelungun mask consists of four figures only, ie one woman, two men and one bird. Face style is not spooky, but tend to be romantic and funny. Exresi humble but optimistic, charming, according to the historical background, which is to entertain the royal family was grief-sorrow.
Basically Simelungun mask consists of four figures only, ie one woman, two men and one bird. Face style is not spooky, but tend to be romantic and funny. Exresi humble but optimistic, charming, according to the historical background, which is to entertain the royal family was grief-sorrow.
Mask Tapanuli
Just as in the Simelungun, in Tapanuli arts (performing) mask also from folklore about kedudukaan king and queen because her beloved son's death. Here the figures mask to entertain it consists of a pair of men and women, with the size of the mask just enough to cover the face. Used in the form of dance with drumming without special dialog.
The Gale-gale, which means gentle a puppet / human-shaped wooden sculpture male, approached the teenager in natural size, furnished in traditional costumes Batak. Every part of his body given and strap joints such that someone (puppeteer) to the accompaniment of "drum" can play like the movements of a teenage son who seemed to live. The Gala-gala thus including the puppet theater (puppet-theater).
Background is the same, namely the death of the mother entertaining the only son of the departed youth that experienced profound sorrow. Even the boy who had been so dead it continues to be embraced regardless of the decay process that occurs. At a time when the mother is asleep, unconscious of an artist sculptor replace it with a statue of the child and the child's corpse was buried. Having realized the mother was told that the children begin to realize (alive) again, but in a weakened state (Si gale gale). Then developed into an art doll that seemed to live and very loved by the whole community Batak, also be included as filler death ceremonies, calling spirits and worship of ancestral spirits that are considered good. Then show Si Gale-gale became public entertainment as function as a religious-magical ceremony prohibited by religion (Islam, Christianity) that came later.
The Gale-gale, which means gentle a puppet / human-shaped wooden sculpture male, approached the teenager in natural size, furnished in traditional costumes Batak. Every part of his body given and strap joints such that someone (puppeteer) to the accompaniment of "drum" can play like the movements of a teenage son who seemed to live. The Gala-gala thus including the puppet theater (puppet-theater).
Background is the same, namely the death of the mother entertaining the only son of the departed youth that experienced profound sorrow. Even the boy who had been so dead it continues to be embraced regardless of the decay process that occurs. At a time when the mother is asleep, unconscious of an artist sculptor replace it with a statue of the child and the child's corpse was buried. Having realized the mother was told that the children begin to realize (alive) again, but in a weakened state (Si gale gale). Then developed into an art doll that seemed to live and very loved by the whole community Batak, also be included as filler death ceremonies, calling spirits and worship of ancestral spirits that are considered good. Then show Si Gale-gale became public entertainment as function as a religious-magical ceremony prohibited by religion (Islam, Christianity) that came later.
Mask Pakpak Dairi
When compared with areas in the region Simelungun Pakpak Dairi mask art not so developed. Performing rituals aimed at the entertainment side and more prone to magical rituals.
Mask Karo
Art mask ("Gundala-Gundala") in the region when compared to younger art and masks Simelungun Pakpak Dairi. In Kabu patent Karo traditional masks are still many of us encounter as in the villages: Sukanalu, Juma Padang, Master Lion, Siberaya, Kubu Calia and Linga. In the area mask Karo performed on the days of the next national ceremonies and spectacle of the people that are educational. Also for the ceremony starting-bala, sowing seeds and grand welcoming guests. Dilakonkan in style comedy without dialogue. Consists of five players who act as: king / commander, princess, princess, daughter and enemies (birds-Gendi legend).
Materials and Mask Making Process
Raw material wooden mask is loud enough that sangketten, equipped with bamboo, palm fiber and others, including the fabric.
The carved wooden round shaped face, so disposed inside the hollow shape corresponding to the shape of the face below the eyes and holes for the wind-wind. The bird mask Gurda-drill, the beak is also made of the same wood, frame (body) that can enter the bird was made of bamboo and covered with cloth. Masks, dolls or statues rather Si Gale-gale, in accordance with the distinctive shape and intricate work of art that is a special custom-made anyway. Technical joints and rigging here is very important that the mastermind can "turn" her in the game. Besides clothes and makeup also hold an important role.
The carved wooden round shaped face, so disposed inside the hollow shape corresponding to the shape of the face below the eyes and holes for the wind-wind. The bird mask Gurda-drill, the beak is also made of the same wood, frame (body) that can enter the bird was made of bamboo and covered with cloth. Masks, dolls or statues rather Si Gale-gale, in accordance with the distinctive shape and intricate work of art that is a special custom-made anyway. Technical joints and rigging here is very important that the mastermind can "turn" her in the game. Besides clothes and makeup also hold an important role.
Conclusions and Recommendations
Batak mask art is artwork decorating, sculpture, as well as the growing stage of the history, tradition and nature Batak society. Landslide and pride characterize background sublime cultural values, namely loyalty. Although the function of sacred increasingly shifting towards profance, but the aesthetic value and a satisfying sense of loyalty as well as hereditary solace that it is "wealth" regional and national culture is invaluable.
Needed encouragement and efforts to rescue the still left and make another that is not extinct, but actually thrive. Let the lovers of our cultural heritage, we realize the real behavior.
Needed encouragement and efforts to rescue the still left and make another that is not extinct, but actually thrive. Let the lovers of our cultural heritage, we realize the real behavior.
Source of Referral:
Image Gallery
Location
Sumatera » Sumatera Utara
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